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	<title>Comments on: The problems with twins</title>
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	<link>http://bioblog.biotunes.org/bioblog/2007/11/25/the-problems-with-twins/</link>
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		<title>By: Brian</title>
		<link>http://bioblog.biotunes.org/bioblog/2007/11/25/the-problems-with-twins/#comment-281</link>
		<dc:creator>Brian</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Sun, 07 Jun 2009 21:15:46 +0000</pubDate>
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		<description>Is there any evidence that people of similar appearance necessarily have similar traits (other than twin studies?). This appearance argument you&#039;re making seems quite weak. 

In any case, more recent studies are showing differences in gray matter.

It is clear that intelligence is at least partly genetically determined. This was supported by the discovery in 2001 that the volume of the brain&#039;s grey matter, made up of &quot;processor&quot; cells, is heritable and correlates with certain elements of IQ (Nature Neuroscience, DOI: 10.1038/nn758). The amount of white matter, which provides the connections between these processors, has since been shown to be heritable too (Journal of Neuroscience, vol 26, p 10235).

Now it seems that the quality of these connections, which is governed by the integrity of the protective myelin sheath that encases them, is also largely genetic, and correlates with IQ....

By comparing brain maps of identical twins, which share the same genes, with fraternal twins, which share about half their genes, the team calculate that myelin integrity is genetically determined in many brain areas important for intelligence. This includes the corpus callosum, which integrates signals from the left and right sides of the body, and the parietal lobes, responsible for visual and spatial reasoning and logic (see above). Myelin quality in these areas was also correlated with scores on tests of abstract reasoning and overall intelligence (The Journal of Neuroscience, vol 29, p 2212).


http://www.newscientist.com/article/mg20126993.300-highspeed-brains-are-in-the-genes.html</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Is there any evidence that people of similar appearance necessarily have similar traits (other than twin studies?). This appearance argument you&#8217;re making seems quite weak. </p>
<p>In any case, more recent studies are showing differences in gray matter.</p>
<p>It is clear that intelligence is at least partly genetically determined. This was supported by the discovery in 2001 that the volume of the brain&#8217;s grey matter, made up of &#8220;processor&#8221; cells, is heritable and correlates with certain elements of IQ (Nature Neuroscience, DOI: 10.1038/nn758). The amount of white matter, which provides the connections between these processors, has since been shown to be heritable too (Journal of Neuroscience, vol 26, p 10235).</p>
<p>Now it seems that the quality of these connections, which is governed by the integrity of the protective myelin sheath that encases them, is also largely genetic, and correlates with IQ&#8230;.</p>
<p>By comparing brain maps of identical twins, which share the same genes, with fraternal twins, which share about half their genes, the team calculate that myelin integrity is genetically determined in many brain areas important for intelligence. This includes the corpus callosum, which integrates signals from the left and right sides of the body, and the parietal lobes, responsible for visual and spatial reasoning and logic (see above). Myelin quality in these areas was also correlated with scores on tests of abstract reasoning and overall intelligence (The Journal of Neuroscience, vol 29, p 2212).</p>
<p><a href="http://www.newscientist.com/article/mg20126993.300-highspeed-brains-are-in-the-genes.html" rel="nofollow">http://www.newscientist.com/article/mg20126993.300-highspeed-brains-are-in-the-genes.html</a></p>
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		<title>By: Jacob</title>
		<link>http://bioblog.biotunes.org/bioblog/2007/11/25/the-problems-with-twins/#comment-81</link>
		<dc:creator>Jacob</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Thu, 29 Nov 2007 15:34:00 +0000</pubDate>
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		<description>Excellent points. There are certainly some features of all-too-common statistical analysis that people rarely question and simply take for granted.&lt;br/&gt;&lt;br/&gt;I read the report of a study this morning on &lt;a HREF=&quot;http://www.collegian.psu.edu/archive/2007/11/29/study_curves_may_lead_to_great.aspx&quot; REL=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;curvy women producing smarter children&lt;/a&gt;; it seems like some of these researchers are really reaching in their correlative attempts.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Excellent points. There are certainly some features of all-too-common statistical analysis that people rarely question and simply take for granted.</p>
<p>I read the report of a study this morning on <a HREF="http://www.collegian.psu.edu/archive/2007/11/29/study_curves_may_lead_to_great.aspx" REL="nofollow">curvy women producing smarter children</a>; it seems like some of these researchers are really reaching in their correlative attempts.</p>
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